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Using Aluminum Sulfate In Your Pool
- Written by Justin Stewart on Oct 12, 2009To ensure our content is always up-to-date with current information, best practices, and professional advice, articles are routinely reviewed by industry experts with years of hands-on experience.Reviewed by
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To clean a cloudy pool, aluminum sulfate is often the method of choice. It works in a unique way to help the pool water clean itself, saving you time and making the filtration system more efficient.
Uses Of Aluminum Sulfate
Aluminum sulfate has many different uses in day-to-day life, as well as being used in several essential industries. In fact, you probably come into contact with it on a daily basis without even knowing it!
Household Uses
Some of the most common uses of aluminum sulfate are found within the home. The compound is often found in baking soda, although theres some controversy over whether its appropriate to add aluminum to the diet. Some antiperspirants contain aluminum sulfate because of its antibacterial properties, although as of 2005 the FDA does not recognize it as a wetness reducer. Finally, the compound is the astringent ingredient in styptic pencils, which are designed to stop small cuts from bleeding.
Gardening
Other interesting uses of aluminum sulfate around the house are in gardening. Because aluminum sulfate is extremely acidic, its sometimes added to very alkaline soils to balance the pH for plants. When the aluminum sulfate comes into contact with water, it forms aluminum hydroxide and a much diluted sulfuric acid solution, which alters the soil acidity. Gardeners who plant hydrangeas apply this property to change the flower color of the hydrangeas since this plant is very sensitive to soil pH.
Water Treatment
Dyeing Fabrics
Paper Making
Though you may not have known it, aluminum sulfate is used to make many products you use daily. Even the water you drink is filtered using aluminum sulfate!
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The 4 Steps To Water Clarity
In our last blog, we addressed the problem of persistent cloudy water that does not respond to normal solutions such as use of clarifiers and other typical chemical solutions. For the most part, persistent clarity problems are much more common with sand filters and to some degree with cartridge/element filters. OK, so if you have a cloudy pool and are having a hard time seeing the bottom, what is your next step? Last week we addressed a filter aid designed specifically for sand filters, called Sand Helper from OnGuard® Chemicals. If results are not where you need to be after this, or you do not have a sand filter, then Step 2 will be next. At E-Z Test Pool Supplies we prescribe the use of Alum in order to precipitate the fine particles out of solution and to the bottom.
Alum, short for aluminum sulfate, is a flocculant, meaning that it attracts and traps suspended particles in the water and then sinks them to the bottom of the pool so that these particles can be vacuumed out. Quite often after using alum most pool owners will find the water to be crystal clear with the exception of a solid layer of the chemical and particles on the very bottom of the pool. The use of alum is more labor-intensive but often gives quick consistent results.
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Recognizing The Difference Between Pollen And Algae
There are a few different ways to tell the difference between pollen and algae in your swimming pool. Pollen usually appears in the spring and summer. So if its the right season for it and youve noticed a pollen coating on your outdoor furniture, this likely indicates that you have pollen in your pool.
However, if the situation doesnt seem as cut and dry, you can assess how it collects in the water.
Pollen looks very similar to mustard algae. Both are yellow, but they will collect differently in your pool. Mustard algae love to cling to the walls and the bottom of the pool. It may congregate around your filtration system as well.
On the other hand, pollen mostly floats on top of pool water. Assuming theres no wind, it will often collect evenly across the surface. You may even scoop some up on your finger if you stick your hand in the water.
Run The Filtration System
Most pool owners will not run their pool filter 24 hours a day, but if you have a pollen problem, the filtration system is your pools best defense. Although the filtration system itself may not solve the problem completely, it is a great first step to clear pool water. It may increase your energy bills, but it will decrease the amount of manual labor you will have to do.
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How Does Alum Work In Swimming Pools
Aluminum Sulfate is a double salt with a strong positive charge. Particulate matter in solution have negative charges. Over the period of several hours, the alum molecule attracts suspended particles. Eventually it grows to a large size and heavy weight, until it slowly sinks to the pool floor. It works best with well balanced pool water, and in water temperatures of at least 70° F. The tricky part of using alum is that the aluminum hydroxide precipitate must be vacuumed to waste the following day. Alum is considered a flocculant, because it sinks material to the floor as opposed to clarifiers, which enlarge particles only slightly, for trapping within your pool filter.
Aluminium Sulphate For Swimming Pools
The water in the swimming pool will become turbid for different reasons, but if it is because of too much minerals, aluminum sulphate can be used to clean the swimming pool. Aluminum sulfate crystals have a positive charge when dissolved in water, so it can attract negatively charged debris and turn them into hard lumps, which makes cleaning easier.
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What Does Aluminum Sulfate Do
When used in pool cleaning, aluminum sulfate dissolves into positively charged particles. These particles are attracted to negatively charged particles, and cause tiny specks to slowly merge into larger pieces. As the particles group together, they become heavier than the water they are floating in, and sink, where the filter removes them.
Aluminum Sulfate For Cyanuric Acid Removal
Starting about a year ago, Rudy Stankowitz reported that he had found that using alum could remove CYA from pool water but that more testing was needed before widely using this method.
There are some questions and observations I have about using alum for CYA reduction or removal. I am not saying it does not work. I am offering some alternative conclusions and explanations. More evidence is needed.
No Scientific Literature
There is no evidence in the scientific literature anywhere that states alum can be used for lowering or removing CYA. This does not mean that it cannot be used for CYA reduction or that it does not work for that purpose. It only means that no one has documented or studied alum for CYA removal and published their work.
Alum Chemistry and Use
Alum is used in drinking water treatment, waste-water treatment, swimming pools and other industries. In water treatment, it causes suspended impurities to coagulate into larger particles and then settle to the bottom of the vessel more easily. This process is called coagulation or flocculation. When dissolved in a large amount of neutral or slightly acidic water, aluminum sulfate produces a gelatinous precipitate of aluminum hydroxide – Al3. The precipitate is called floc. The floc forms better when the pH is from 6.5 to 7.0. The gelatinous floc attracts and holds on to suspended particles in the water and settles to the bottom where it can be vacuumed or drawn into the main drain.
Alum-CYA Removal Method
CYA Testing
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Alum Chemistry And Use
Alum is used in drinking water treatment, waste-water treatment, swimming pools, and other industries. In water treatment, it causes suspended impurities to coagulate into larger particles and then settle to the bottom of the vessel more easily. This process is called coagulation or flocculation. When dissolved in a large amount of neutral or slightly acidic water, aluminum sulfate produces a gelatinous precipitate of aluminum hydroxide Al3. The precipitate is called floc. The floc forms better when the pH is from 6.5 to 7.0. The gelatinous floc attracts and holds on to suspended particles in the water and settles to the bottom where it can be vacuumed or be drawn into the main drain.
Alum is used to coagulate suspended, negatively charged particles to make them larger and more conducive to filtration or sedimentation. The keywords here are suspended negatively charged particles.
In pool water, CYA is dissolved and not suspended. At typical pool water pH, CYA exists predominantly as the mono-an- ion . It can exist as five other species but about 94% is the mono-anion.
Preventing Pollen From Entering Your Pool
There may be many different ways to remove pollen in your pool once its already there, but there are also ways to prevent pollen from entering your pool in the first place. Unfortunately, theres no foolproof way to completely prevent 100% of the pollen from entering your swimming pool, but you can certainly prevent it from significantly affecting it in large quantities.
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Anecdotal Reports Say Cya Lowered Then Increased
Then we hear about pools that have lowered CYA by this method and sometime later the CYA has gone back up. They conclude that CYA was absorbed in the plaster, plumbing, filter, or other equipment and now it is redissolving or releasing back into the pool water. Another explanation might be that there was alum in the sample when the CYA test was performed only 12 hours after adding a double dose to water that was not cloudy. The alum clarified the sample as the melamine-CYA turbidity was produced and gave a lower reading. Weeks later when all the alum in the pool water is gone, a CYA test now shows a higher CYA concentration even though no more CYA was added. The alternative explanation is that now that there is no more alum in the pool water, you now are getting an accurate CYA test result. This indicates that the alum may have clarified the initial CYA test giving a false reading.
Used In Papermaking Industry
It is used as a precipitant for rosin gum, wax emulsion and other sizing materials. Also used as a paper sizing agent to enhance the water resistance and impermeability of paper. Paper is composed of fibers. Unsized paper is water-absorbent and isnt suitable for writing and printing. In addition, the strength of paper will decrease after absorbing water, which will affect its use. Therefore, about 80% of the paper needs to be added to the pulp or coated with some water-resistant substances on the surface of paper, so that the paper has the performance of delaying fluid penetration, achieve the purpose of ink resistance and oil resistance. This process is called sizing. Aluminum sulphate is a mainly used internal sizing agent in papermaking.
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How Do I Use Aluminum Sulfate In My Pool
How to Use Aluminum Sulfate in a Swimming Pool
. Beside this, what is Aluminium sulphate used for in swimming pools?
Alum, short for aluminum sulfate, is a flocculant, meaning that it attracts and traps suspended particles in the water and then sinks them to the bottom of the pool so that these particles can be vacuumed out. The use of alum is more labor-intensive but often gives quick consistent results.
Also, how much alum do I put in my water? The prescribed dosage of Alum varies from 5 mg per liter for a relatively clear water to 85 mg for a highly turbid waters like industrial waste. However, the normal dosage for drinking water is about 17 mg per liter.
In this way, how do you use Aluminium sulphate?
Aluminium sulfate is used in water purification and as a mordant in dyeing and printing textiles. In water purification, it causes suspended impurities to coagulate into larger particles and then settle to the bottom of the container more easily. This process is called coagulation or flocculation.
How do I apply alum to my pond?
Alum is best applied by dissolving in water and spraying over water surface. If the pond is acidic or soft water, add about 20 lbs. ) – of water. This may also help the clay to settle.
How To Use Alum As A Filter Aid For Sand Filters
Alum can be used in small quantities in a sand filter, to improve filtration temporarily. It should not be used in D.E. or Cartridge filters, as it can clog the small pores of the fabric, and ruin the filter media. Sand filters however, have large enough spaces between the sand grains, that most of the alum flushes out easily during backwashing. D.E. powder can also be used in small quantities as a filter aid for sand pool filters.
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Does Alum Remove Cya In Pools
Starting about a year ago, Rudy Stankowitz reported that he had found that using alum could remove CYA from pool water but that more testing was needed before widely using this method.
There are some questions and observations I have about using alum for CYA reduction or removal. I am not saying it does not work. I am offering some alternative conclusions and explanations. More evidence is needed.
How To Use Aluminum Sulfate In A Swimming Pool
17 July, 2017
Warning
Don’t let aluminum sulfate touch your skin, and wear safety goggles and gloves while you’re working with it. Aluminum sulfate can cause chemical burns.
How to Use Aluminum Sulfate in a Swimming Pool. Your pool might have cloudy water for numerous reasons, but if it’s due to excessive minerals, clean your pool with aluminum sulfate. It has a positive charge when it’s dissolved in water and attracts the negative particles until they solidify into chunks, making it easier to clean the water.
Check the alkalinity of your pool. The alkalinity must register more than 75 milligrams per liter as calcium carbonate for the alum to work.
Backwash your filter according to the instructions for your filter. Sand filters use a different process than DE filters, and you can use alum only with sand filters. It can damage DE filters.
Add the recommended dose of aluminum sulfate for your pool to the most convenient entry point before the filter. This is normally the skimmer, but add it slowly because it can become localized there, rather than moving all the way to the filter. Read the instructions that come with your aluminum sulfate, but a good rule of thumb is to add 2 oz. of alum for every square foot of area on the pool’s surface.
Clear your filter of sediment after a few days. Repeat the process until the cloudiness caused by minerals is gone.
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Just An Alternative Explanation
My logic, science-based conclusions are exactly that until proven or disproved. I cannot cite any direct articles or evidence. It is a possible explanation for the apparent reduction in CYA due to an alum dose. It is the reason that I am skeptical. Perhaps more testing and even revisiting some pools with success might show an increase in CYA after a few weeks. I have plenty of reports that say that alum removes CYA and plenty of reports that say that CYA goes back up a week or two later. I want to prove that this works before we all start recommending it only to find out that it doesnt.
Aluminum Sulfate For Water Treatment
Aluminum sulphate can be used as flocculant in drinking water, industrial water and wastewater treatment. When added to water, it reacts to from a colloidal precipitate of alumina trihydrate, which absorbs settled bacteria, colloids and other suspended substances. With the increasing of water discharge indicators, the amount of aluminum sulphate used in water treatment has increase. It can also be used in drinking water to decolor and deodorize. Aluminum sulfate water treatment chemical also plays a significant role in the process of removing arsenic by coagulation.
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